What Does À mon avis Mean in French

À mon avis  is a French expression that means in my opinion. Its a very common phrase and a great way to express your views on a topic. Its also  very easy to add to a conversation. The Meaning of  Ãƒâ‚¬ mon avis À mon avis is pronounced ah mo nah vee.  It literally means in my view though its often translated as in my opinion, to my mind, or I feel. It is, perhaps, the most common way to express ones opinion  and is an alternative to using (and conjugating) verbs like  penser (to think)  or ​croire (to believe). This phrase is in the normal register  for French. It is acceptable to use it in both formal and informal conversations. Express Anyones Opinion Not only can you express your own opinion using this phrase, but you can use it to talk about what other people think as well. Its a simple matter of changing the  possessive adjective  from  mon  (my) to another adjective that matches  the subject youre referring to. à   mon avis - in my opinionà   ton avis - in your opinionà   son avis - in his/her opinionà   notre avis - in our opinionà   votre avis - in your opinionà   leur avis - in their opinion Examples of  Ãƒâ‚¬ mon avis  in Context There are many ways that you can use  Ãƒ   mon avis  in your French conversations. Most often, its used at either the beginning or the end of a sentence to clarify that youre stating a personal viewpoint. À mon avis, cest mieux de commencer tà ´t. -  In my opinion, its better to start early.Espresso est meilleur que le cafà © amà ©ricain, à   mon avis. - Espresso is better than American coffee, in my opinion. Just as in English, the following can be either a genuine question or a sarcastic retort. À ton avis ? -  What do you think?

Air Defense Artillery On The Vietnam War Essay - 1469 Words

Air Defense Artillery’s Role in the Vietnam War SSG Arsenault, SSG Everett, SSG Powell, SGT Kencsan ADA ALC (INTRODUCTION) In August 1964, Vietnamese DRV torpedo boats attacked two U.S. destroyers in the Gulf of Tonkin. President London B. Johnson ordered the retaliatory bombing of military targets in North Vietnam. Shortly after the incident, U.S. congress passed the Gulf of Tonkin Resolution, giving President Johnson war-making powers, and U.S. planes began regular bombing raids (Reference http://www.history.com/topics/vietnam-war/vietnam-war-history ). In Vietnam, the US enjoyed virtual air supremacy. Nevertheless, Air Defense Artillery (ADA) units were able to distinguish themselves and prove their versatility by providing fire support to ground forces. ADA earned more than 450 medals for valor, receiving more than 1000 Purple Hearts, and one Congressional Medal of Honor awarded to SGT Mitchell Stout (Reference http://www.usc.edu/dept-00/dept/armyrotc/branches/air_defense.html ). Despite there being no confirmed aerial engagements, Air Defense Artillery played a vital role in the Vietnam War, and were at times crucial to battle success, proving their versatility, adaptability, flexibility. Air Defense Artillery (ADA) got its origins in the Coastal Artillery Corps. During World War I (WWI), planners saw a need for antiaircraft artillery to protect ground forces from the newly emerging aerial threat (ReferenceShow MoreRelatedArtillery s Impact On The Battle Of Lz Gold And Suoi Tre Essay1012 Words   |  5 Pagesold, and for every war the Army has been in, field artillery has played an essential role. The artillery and infantry have always worked hand in hand, a requirement if fire support is to be in direct support of maneuver. Artillery preps and shapes the battlefield; setting the conditions for battle. Throughout the conflict in Vietnam, specifically the Battle at LZ Gold, the Army made essential changes and improvements to the tactics, techniques and weaponry of field artillery to meet the ever-changingRead MoreArtillery s Impact On The Battle Of Lz Gold And Suoi Tre1012 Words   |  5 Pagesold, and for every war the Army has been in, field artillery has played an essential role. The artillery and infantry have always worked hand in hand, a requirement if fire support is to be in direct support of maneuver. Artillery preps and shapes the battlefield; setting the conditions for battle. Throughout the conflict in Vietnam, specifically the Battle at LZ Gold, the Army made essential changes and improvements to the tactics, techniques and weaponry of field artillery to meet the ever-changingRead MoreAir Defense Artillery Units During World War II1328 Words   |  6 Pagessaddled to the mechanisms of war and defense. It is within the institutions chartered to protect our interests that the speed of the world weighs most heavy. Steadfast, and always with an eye towards the future, it is important to understand how the branch arrived at its current configuration and in what direction it should move to provide the most effective trajectory for development, advancement, and refinery. An excerpt from (McKenney, iii) explains: â€Å"Air defense artillery units have a proud heritageRead MoreThe Battle Of Ia Drang Nco Academy1463 Words   |  6 Pages The Battle of Ia Drang was the first major battle between regulars of the United States Army and regulars of the People s Army of Vietnam of North Vietnam during the Vietnam Conflict. The two-part battle took place between November 14 and November 18, 1965, at two landing zones West of Plei Me in the Central Highlands of South Vietnam, precisely at the footstep of Chu Pong massif, 25 kilometers west of Plei Me as part of the U.S. airmobile offensive codenamed Operation Silver BayonetRead MoreVietnam War Point Of View1463 Words   |  6 Pages Despite popular belief, Vietnam has been the battleground for only a limited number of military conflicts in history. The country fell under the rule of China and France at early points in its history before claiming its full independence in 1945. Many Americans still view Vietnam from the Vietnam War point of view because it ended in a United States defeat. Since that war almost 40 years ago, Vietnam’s leadership has had a plan in place to rebuild the country’s infrastructure and solidify its placeRead MoreThe First Airborne Jamming Test877 Words   |  4 Pagessystems were the first examples of electronic counter counter-measures which is now a sub-category of electronic warfare called electronic protection. (price 9-10). The United States conducted similar experiments and prior to entering the Second World War, the United States Navy possessed radar, high frequency direction finding systems and anti-jamming devices. Throughout the year of 1940, the Germans and the British conducted a series of back and forth electronic attacks and counterattacks AFFECTINGRead MorePost World War II Size1560 Words   |  7 PagesOn Monday, 24 February 2014, Secretary of Defense Chuck Hagel announced massive cuts to the size of the armed services, slashing the army to its pre-World War II size. (breithbart.com) Hagel’s plan called for a 25% reduction in manpower by 2019. Historically, these cuts equate to a perceived failure of will power of the American government by its global enemies. Such cuts are sure to decrease the readiness posture of fighting units across the military. First order effects from cuts to fundingRead MoreMcnamara s The Vietnam War1119 Words   |  5 PagesMcNamara’s Project 100,000 The Vietnam War started in 1959 and ended in 1975, this was the only war that America could not win. They tried everything, but the Vietnamese guerrilla warfare, in addition the foreign environment cause the stronger and bigger American Army to pull out. Allowing North Vietnam to Annex the south, and bring communism into Vietnam. At the same time Vietnam was fighting a war in their homeland, United States was fighting one of their own in there. This war was a little different;Read MoreEssay on DEVELOPMENT OF THE U S ARMY929 Words   |  4 Pagesnationhood around which patriots could rally. During the Civil War it preserved the Union through four years of biter conflict that turned brother against brother. It has repeatedly defended United States against external threats, from the quot;second war of independencequot; with Great Britain in 1812 through the crusades that finally rid the world of the specters of Nazi totalitarianism, Japanese imperialism, and world communism. The defen se of the nation has always been the Armys primary missionRead More1968 Was a Turning Point for the United States. Assess the Validity of This Statement652 Words   |  3 Pagesthrough many important and crucial events. From the Vietnam War to national politics, and even civil rights, our country was changing a lot. In particular, the year 1968, was when our country went through a major turning point, especially when you take in consideration the major events that involved the Vietnam War and the civil rights movement such as the â€Å"Tet Offense†, violent protests, and the Civil Rights Act being passed. The Vietnam War is still a very controversial subject to this day. Whether

The Prince vs. Henry V Free Essays

The Prince vs. Henry V A comparison of attributes After reading Machiavelli’s The Prince and watching Shakespeare’s Henry V in class, one begins to notice similarities between the authors’ idea of what a â€Å"perfect king† should be. The patterns between the ideal ruler of Shakespeare and the ideal ruler of Machiavelli can be seen in numerous instances throughout this story. We will write a custom essay sample on The Prince vs. Henry V or any similar topic only for you Order Now For the duration of this essay, I will compare the similarities in both pieces to give the reader a better understanding of how Shakespeare devised his view of what a â€Å"perfect king† should be. One can see an example while looking back on Henry’s youthful experiences. Before taking oath as king, Henry was involved with some scrupulous characters. He would party, stay out all night, and defile his father’s wishes. But after becoming king, Henry shunned this former lifestyle and become the individual of greatness we know today. As Machiavelli stated, â€Å"So a prince should be so prudent that he knows how to escape the evil reputation attached to those vices which could lose him his state, and how to avoid those vices which are not so dangerous, if he possibly can; but, if he cannot, he need not worry so much about the latter. And then, he must not flinch from being blamed for vices which are necessary for safeguarding the state. This is because, taking everything into account, he will find that some of the things that appear to be virtues will, if he practices them, ruin him, and some of the things that appear wicked will bring him security and prosperity. † (Machiavelli) If looked at closely, this is exactly what Henry had done. He used this youthful expression to gain favor with the layperson and look even better when he took the throne. This act of â€Å"smoke and mirrors† worked to his advantage and backs up Machiavelli’s claims. As Machiavelli says, â€Å"From this arises the following question: Whether it is better to be loved than feared, or the reverse. The answer is that one would like to be both the one and the other; but because it is difficult to combine them, it is far better to be feared than loved if you cannot be both. † (Machiavelli) During Henry’s speech at Harfleur, one can see this point in action. While speaking to the governor, Henry literally scares the people of Harfleur into submission and gains entry to the city without further fighting. This shows a definite similarity in what Machiavelli and Shakespeare view in their leader. As a king, Henry becomes known for being a man of resilience, strategy, and combat. These traits, according to Machiavelli, are necessary to become the â€Å"ideal king. † As stated by Machiavelli, â€Å"†¦a prince ought to have no other aim or thought, nor select anything else for his study, than war and its rules and discipline; for this is the sole art that belongs to him who rules. (Machiavelli) This can be seen when the Dauphin presents Henry with a gift of tennis balls and an insulting speech practically telling him to stay out of grown men’s affairs. This gives Henry the leverage he needs to start a war with France without looking like the instigator. He can now put the blame of war on the Dauphin and the many lives of who m will be killed. Henry uses this to move toward his strength and show his full potential. Another example can be seen when Henry has to hang Bardolph for plundering during the invasion of France. Years earlier, while drinking in the tavern, Bardolph had asked Prince Henry this question, â€Å"Do not thou, when thou art king, hang a thief? † Prince Henry replied, â€Å"No, thou shalt. † (Branagh, Scofield and Holm) In this instance, one can see Henry is following his Machiavellian ways. This can be shown in the following passage. Machiavelli states, â€Å"The prince should nonetheless make himself feared in such a way that, if he is not loved, at least he escapes being hated; and the prince can always avoid hatred if he abstains from the property of his subjects and citizens and from their women. If, even so, it proves necessary to execute someone, this should be done only when there is proper justification and manifest reason for it. But above all, a prince should abstain from the property of others; because men sooner forget the death of their father than the loss of their patrimony. † (Machiavelli) Bardolph had been warned of this many years earlier. Henry was just following up on this promise. For this last example, I will quote Machiavelli for almost the last time. He states, â€Å"The fact is that a man who wants to act virtuously in every way necessarily comes to grief among so many who are not virtuous. Therefore, if a prince wants to maintain his rule, he must learn how not to be virtuous, and to make use of this or not according to need. † (Machiavelli) This can be seen on the night before the last battle. Henry disguises himself as a common soldier by borrowing Erpingham’s cloak and spying on his troops. Henry does this to ensure his troops are mentally prepared and in high morale. What he finds is a mixed morale within his troops and makes him prepare even harder for the upcoming battle. Henry uses this â€Å"cloak† as a tool to find the weaknesses in his army and then exploits them with his inspiring speech before the battle begins. This Machiavellian act could have been the turning point and major reason they won against an outnumbering, French army. As seen throughout the film, the similarities between Machiavelli’s â€Å"ideal prince† and Shakespeare’s â€Å"perfect king† are too many to count. A blend of old and new attributes created this timeless character in which we are still learning from today. One can only hope the few examples given will give the reader a better understanding of were Shakespeare derives his perfect, Machiavellian king from. To finish, a famous quote from Machiavelli, â€Å"The end justifies the means. † (Machiavelli) Works Cited Henry V. Dir. Kenneth Branagh. Perf. Kenneth Branagh, et al. 1989. Machiavelli, Niccolo. â€Å"Selections from The Prince. † Matthews, Roy T and F DeWitt Platt. Readings in the Western Humanities. Vol. II. New York: McGraw-Hill, 2011. 18-21. How to cite The Prince vs. Henry V, Papers

Digital Environment and Its Impact

Question: Describe about the Digital Environment and Its Impact? Answer: Introduction: In todays world we can access the data within the one press of fingertip. With the digitization in environment, it seems convenient and beneficial for those citizens, who are having access to this digital environment. Even advertising on the internet has become a necessity to promote a product. Consumers use internet and the internet assists them in knowing the product better by sitting at home. Mobile dependency: Now a day mobile devices are used as a daily requirement to go beyond the need of communication. In todays world there is the use of mobile computing, in order to fulfill all the necessities without being dependent over those big devices like computer. One can make the word document, power point slides, read newspapers with the mobile devices (Lu, 2012). With the Internet technology, one can have access online newspaper, book and journals. The social networking sites play a crucial role to develop the madness to use this kind of devices. These devices include smart phones, tablets etc. These devices are nothing but the example of ease of use. As I kept my self away from the use of the cell phone for 24 hour, I faced a lot of difficulties to manage my daily routine- I used to set alarm, reminders even read daily online journal, newspaper. I was able to access my files, documents from anywhere. Even I used to give the final touches to my documents (McHale, 2011). If an advertisement industry thinks to do the advertisement on the need of the technological environment, they can raise these facts on ease of use, provided by the smart phones or featured phone. They can advertise on these technologies to show how much they are required to make us updated. They can show the lack of communication, lack of the ability to access the feature present in the mobile devices in order to fulfill our requirement (Udell and Woodill, n.d.). Significance of digital environment in advertising: The digital world has made a huge impact on marketing. This online marketing tool has enhanced the product reach largely. In today`s world we cannot imagine a single day without technology. Everything in the world would just stop. Advertising on the internet has become a necessity to promote a product. Consumers use internet and the internet assists them in knowing the product better by sitting at home. The gigantic internet reach has significantly encouraged the people than traditional advertisements at a minute cost. Internet advertising is perfect for business targeting national and international market. The advertisements are done through events, internet, televisions and mobile phone SMS. This interesting world of advertisement would become so bogus if we lose technology just for one single day. Technology has saved a lot of cost to the company by reaching a huge number of customers within a single go (Ryan and Jones, 2011). Conclusion: As far as the advertising issues are concerned due to the absence of the mobile technology, industries will be unable to promote their product using a bid fat advertisement. Now a day, industries promote and advertise their product using the internet technology online even the use of text messages help the industries to circulate their information about their personal application. So that user can download those apps and get more benefits. References: Lu, Z. (2012). Learning with mobile technologies, handheld devices, and smart phones. Hershey, PA: Information Science Reference. McHale, K. (2011). Mobile devices and their use in technology. [S.l.: Webster's Digital Services. Udell, C. and Woodill, G. (n.d.). Mastering mobile learning. Ryan, D. and Jones, C. (2011).The best digital marketing campaigns in the world. London: Kogan Page.

The Secret Life Of Bees Essay Example For Students

The Secret Life Of Bees Essay Do you ever feel like you are holding someone back if they always have to worry about you? You may feel ashamed or you may not care if they worry for you. In the story, The Secret Life of Bees, Sue Monk Kidd indicates that the character, May, feels like she is holding everyone back. April’s death is a blow to May who starts acting like an immature child. The rest of her sisters, August and June, lived with May in the pink house due to their worry of her sensitivity and empathy towards others in pain. Since May is a sensitive person, all who know her are concerned about her constantly, including her two sisters, who was not able to move on with their lives. We will write a custom essay on The Secret Life Of Bees specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now May was holding everyone back.May is a loving, sensitive, and open person to everyone. When she sees someone in pain, she immediately feels their pain it’s as if it is happening to her. For example, when April got a toothache, May’s gums started feeling swollen just like April’s. Whenever April is in trouble or gets injured, May could feel her pain. August mentioned that, â€Å"When April died, something in May died, too. She never was normal after that. It seemed like the world itself became May’s twin sister† (97). To May the world is like her twin sister whose pain she can feel when something happens out there. For instance, when a man named Mr. Raines was killed by a shotgun, May becomes upset tearing her blouse open and starts slapping her arms and scratching her face as she cries. Sometimes when May tries to hold the pain in she sings â€Å"Oh! Susanna,† but most of the time it never works. However, June comes up with an idea to create a wailing wall for May. This wall helped May immensely when she needs to release her anger and pain. May can write anyone’s name on a piece of paper. .s incorrect because when they help May, she feels ashamed of being a helpless person who cannot take care of her own problems. May does love being loved back, but not in a way where everyone has to worry about her and make sure she is not depressed. May wants everyone to worry about their own lives and future. She did not want everyone to change their life plans just to protect her and make her happy.In conclusion, the reader should see that May’s actions were holding them back. She could put herself in other’s positions and could not hold her feelings in. This made everyone worry for her, especially August and June. They could not move on and make life decisions for themselves. From this, the reader should realize that when a person is in the same position as May, they would feel ashamed for making everyone hold back and unable to worry about their own future lives.

Steps in developing new products

Steps in developing new products In order for any business to maintain a sustainable competitive advantage, there is always the need for the management to address existing market demand as established through surveys among potential customers.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Steps in developing new products specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Through this approach, most chain management and operations managers lay emphasis on producing products that satisfy the needs of customers beyond their expectations; by either redesigning current products or manufacturing new ones.Accordingly, there are several management theories which have been developed regarding quality. This essay discusses the Six Sigma theory as applied in developing new products. The first step in developing new products is having a general focus on customers. In line with this, any improvement procedures ensure that the needs of customers are addressed (Burt, Petcavage Pinkerton, 2010). In other words, customers have to dictate the satisfaction and value generated by the new product. Processes which do not add value to customers are inappropriate and should be avoided by managers even as they endeavor to satisfy the needs of customers. Additionally, data and facts are imperative in determining the relevance of performance with regard to satisfying customer needs. The organization has to identify relevant information and its role in meeting set goals and objectives. Without appropriate data, an organization may engage in irrelevant processes which do not contribute to sustainable quality improvement. Three important aspects of collected data are data collection, analysis and application (Burt, Petcavage Pinkerton, 2010). The third step focuses on processes applied by the management to promote improvement of quality. Such processes are considered crucial in augmenting the success of any given organization. As a result, respective managers ought to focus on essentia l processes to improve organizational performance and enhance a sustainable competitive advantage in the business market (Burt, Petcavage Pinkerton, 2010).Advertising Looking for essay on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Processes which cause delays and affect the flow of production have to be eliminated and replaced with effective ones. Of significance is the fact that almost every business process requires routine improvement in order to retain its relevance in promoting good performance. This can be well achieved by having proactive managers who question why certain things are carried out in a particular manner with the aim of improving the organization. Such mindsets break from common traditions which could be derailing progress in running the organization (Burt, Petcavage Pinkerton, 2010). Another important step in developing new products is nurturing limitless collaboration among managers and everybody else within the organization in order to avoid internal competition (Burt, Petcavage Pinkerton, 2010). Competition among members of an organization usually undermines quality in serving customers and may lead to the crumbling of a business. Collaboration should be encouraged to promote value-added products that would satisfy customer needs. The last step enshrined in the Six Sigma theory supports perfection and condemns tolerance which is considered as a cause of failure. This step allows people to have the drive of taking risks as a way of developing new ideas that are necessary for the purpose of quality improvement. For this to be realized, organizations must embrace a culture that offers risky opportunities without employees bearing expected consequences. Apart from promoting more effective working processes, this culture motivates employees (Burt, Petcavage Pinkerton, 2010). In general, development of new products encompasses a number of steps which are vital in the overall running of an organization. Six Sigma theory is therefore one of the most recommended philosophies which ensures that production processes are holistic and aim at satisfying customer needs as they promote a sustainable competitive advantage for the business (Summers, 2007). References Burt, D. N., Petcavage, S. D., Pinkerton, R. L. (2010). Supply management (8th Ed.). Boston: McGraw†Hill.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Steps in developing new products specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Summers, D. (2007). Six Sigma: Basic tools and techniques. New Jersey: Prentice Hall.

Group Characteristics and Development Article Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Group Characteristics and Development - Article Example Four of us had known each other before coming to the same university since we had all met at the various debating competitions which we had taken part in previously and won laurels for our respective institutions. Serisha was new to all the members because she had travelled all the way from India to study at our school. At one competition I had lost to Sera and Adam had lost to me, so Sera stood first, I stood second and Adam third. Consequently, we all shared a common passion for debating and respected each other’s debating style. Therefore, when we all met at school, we took no time in forming our group. It has been approximately 11 months now since we have all been a part of this group. Initially, it was evident that Serisha felt a little left out because the rest of us had some common experiences to share and talk about. The change which I feel exists now is that Serisha is as comfortable with us as we are with her. The basic tasks for which the group was formed was keepin g practice sessions, practicing for upcoming competitions, discussing a good public speaking video each week and coordinating with other sub-groups of the debating society and learning about their progress. All this work required a leader to take responsibility that the assigned work was done.

Immigrant Policies in America Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Immigrant Policies in America - Essay Example Immigration in modern day America is just as strong as it was when America was formed. Initiations by the American government such as the green card lottery are a means of attracting fresh faces to this already diverse country. The immigration debate is one of the biggest in America. Some native-born Americans forget that their ancestors were once immigrants and tend to harbor hostility towards new immigrants while others are more accepting. It is obvious that Americans have mixed feelings about immigration but many do not realize that immigrants also share mixed feelings about starting a new life in America. Modern day America is often referred to as a melting pot in which many different nations and people blend together to form a unique culture. Although this picture of America seems ideal, it is far from realistic. Immigrants who leave their home countries in order to come to America are sometimes left feeling out of place and confused. Immigrants are not sure how to balance their old culture with the new American culture. For example, Muslim immigrants who wear the traditional hajib often feel as though they are discriminated against thus are forced to conceal their true identity this leads them to "refrain from participating in practices or adopting dress that would make them appear different from the average citizen" (Smith).On a more positive note, as immigrants begin to live in America for a longer period, they are able to establish their own cultural identities and balance their two worlds. America does not discourage cultural diversity but embraces it. For example, the American education system has Spanish incorporated into its curriculum and bilingualism in the workplace is becoming a much sought after skill. There are numerous multi-cultural festivals in America, which aim to promote understanding between cultures. Immigrants have their own places of worship such as Mosques, temples, and community clubs in which they can socialize with other members who are sharing similar experiences. As time passes immigrants, do not isolate themselves from American life but become more involved. They are no longer lost tourists but real Americans who want to be involved in every aspect of American life, "Many are moving from a phase of dissociation from mainstream American life to much more active participation in political and social arenas" (Smith). Recent studies have found that the number of post-secondary degree presented to minorities has dramatically increased from 1991 to 2000. Degrees awarded to Hispanics and Asian Americans doubled while degree awarded to Indian Americans increased by 77%. All groups showed a large increase in the attainment of Masters Degrees and a slight increase in doctorate degrees. This increase is a clear indication that children of immigrants are working hard to close the educational and economic gaps between them and native-born Americans (American Council on Education, 2002). Although conditions are slowly improving, factors such as the language barrier and employment opportunities prevent new immigrants from enjoying the same privileges and benefits as those born in America. Unskilled workers who immigrate to America in hopes of finding a better life are often left disappointed. America does not have a huge shortage

Importance of accounting Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Importance of accounting - Essay Example It is proved that accounting systems can highly influence the decision-making process and that the mode of intervention of these systems in the above process is not standardized. Under these terms, it can be assumed that the view of Thaler on accounting systems, as presented above, is justified. In order to understand the role of accounting system in the decision-making process it would be necessary to refer to the involvement of accounting information in critical decisions. Indeed, accounting systems affect the decision-making process through the data they incorporate, i.e. through the accounting information. Drury (2007) notes that accounting is used for ‘communicating information to people who have an interest in the organization, i.e. shareholders, employees or even the government’ (Drury 2007, p.4). It is assumed that the primary role of accounting is to provide to individuals critical information in regard to various business activities. Nikolai et al. (2009) note that accounting information has a different role in decision-making. For example, investors use accounting information, as incorporated in a company’s financial reports, in order to decide the level of their investment in the particular organization (Nikolai et al. 2009, p.7). Moreover, s tock exchanges also review the accounting information in order to take decisions related to ‘listings, cancellations or rule-making’ (Nikolai et al. 2009, p.7). Accounting information is also valuable in negotiations between employers and trade unions. The latter need accounting information in order to get informed on the financial status of the employer involved and decide on their position and their financial claims (Nikolai et al. 2009, p.7). According to Hall (2010) accounting information is quite critical in the development of strategic decisions. It is explained that strategic managers have to review their firm’s financial data before taking any decision (Hall

Bullying At School: Causes, Effects and Implications

Bullying At School: Causes, Effects and Implications School Bullying has evolved into a worldwide phenomenon that has received very little or no attention at all. In recent years, it has garnered global attention and, although studies have concentrated on the view point from the victims perspective, recent studies are geared towards studying bullying from a social and cultural view. Bullying is defined as a methodical way of demoralizing a person or a group of people who may seem inferior to a potential bully or group of bullies due to many different factors such as race, gender, intellectual ability or just a way to feel better about themselves. Throughout this paper, we will look at the many different areas that have been identified as critical functions in remedying an age old problem that has been a staple in schools across the entire world for many years. Contributing Factors and Family Types Now we have to have a good understanding of some of the contributing factors that makes up the components of the bully, the bullied and the bystander. Although bullying is a learned behavior, a major contributing factor is derived from what is learned in the home. Studies have shown that there three types of families that contribute to bullies. The first one dubbed The Brick Wall family demonstrates the belief that power equals control. This type of environment proves to be a great training ground for a potential bully. Various factors figure into the equation like one parent demonstrates absolute authority, rigid enforcement of rules by use of threats or imagined violence, use of humiliation and being taught What to think, Not how to think (Barbara, Colorosa). The second type of family commonly referred to as The Jellyfish Family tend to promote the virtues of a child to become a bully, a vulnerable target or bystander by not setting boundaries and structure for children, the parent physically and psychologically abandons the children and second chances are routinely given. The last family The Backbone Family is not demanding at all. They do not demand respect; they model and teach it, rules are clear and simply stated and mistakes are viewed as chances to learn. Clearly, family has a decisive advantage in determining a childs course, but society has become a greater teacher than any home can be due to all the advances in technology such as the internet, cell phones, and peer pressure and the lack of parents being home due to dual income families being needed more now during the current recession going on in America today (Barbara, Colorosa). Seven Types of Bullies Briefly we have looked at contributing factors to bullies, but we will take a glance at the several different types of bullies. The Confident Bully often has a hefty ego and sense of dominance; The Social Bully is resentful of the optimistic traits of others; The Fully Armored Bully is calm and isolated; The Hyperactive Bully has trouble making friends; The Bullied Bully is bullied by adults or older kids; The Bunch of Bullies usually perceived as nice kids and last, but not least the Gang of Bullies is a group drawn together in pursuit of control, ascendancy and total absolution of power (Barbara, Colorosa). All have different agendas, but they all use the three basics fundamentals of bullying; verbal, physical, and relational. Verbal bullying accounts for 70% of all reported bullying for mainly two reasons (Barbara, Colorosa); It is easy to get away with and if it is accepted by the majority, it degrades the intended target. Physical bullying is actually only responsible for one-thirds of all reported incidents and the bully whom actually results to this form is more likely to move onto more serious criminal offenses in the future. Racial bullying is an area that we have not ventured into; however it is prevalent taking place in climates where differences are deemed as bad and where common bonds are not celebrated. The Victim or the Bullied The Victim or Bullied can become a target for bullying due to a variety of factors. This can be due to the victim being the new kid on the block, the kid who is smaller and younger in a new school, being submissive, gifted or talented, physical or mental disabilities or simply being in the wrong place at the wrong time (Barbara, Colorosa). In any case the bullied child becomes isolated from their peers and develops survival strategies rather than social skills. Bullies are often successful due to the fact they are ashamed, afraid of retaliation, they dont believe anyone can or wants to help and society has led people to believing ratting is not acceptable. Even though secrecy is a another significant factor to a bullys success, a child who is the victim of bullying will display warning signs and adults whether a teacher or parent must be mindful in observation of the warning signs. Children speak through their body language, facial expressions, eyes, words and the tone of voice when asked certain questions (Barbara, Colorosa). When children display a certain abrupt disinterest in school or refuses to go, is hungry after school, claims to have lost lunch money, stops talking about everyday activities and peers or completely does something out of their normal character, it can be an indicator there may be a problem. In todays society, most of the above mentioned clues almost describes a majority of kids today especially teenagers, but as we will visit later knowing your children and establishing an open line of communication can be vital in ensuring your children chances of being a victim of bullying are minimized. Education of children will help in reducing the potential of a child becoming a bullying victim. It is imperative that children are taught how to react when they are placed in a situation dealing with a bully or a group of bullies; Assurance is a key instrument, letting a child know that they are not alone; affirm that it is not their fault; establish that there are measures that you as a parent can take and immediately inform school personnel of the bullying issues or concerns. Just as easy as you can reassure your children of all the measures that can be implemented, equal caution must be exercised as not to hinder a childs capability to resolve some issues on their own so as not to be shunned by the other children as an individual who cannot function without their parents direct involvement. Justification of a bullys action can be detrimental to your relationship or trust previously established; educate your child, but let they figure out the best way to exist amongst their peers; avoidance should not be a course of action and by all means violence should only be used if they are in imminent danger by the bully or group of bullies. The next group we will explore is the Bystander (s) who more than often not are just caught in the middle and basically are glad that the bully is not targeting them. Bystander (s) tend to think that intervention will cause greater suffering, they simply do not know what actions to take, dont want to become the focal point of the bully or they dont want to get hurt themselves. The victims of bullying have been identified as suffering from various health problems, including diminished levels of psychological well-being, poor social adjustment, psychological distress and physical symptoms (Rigby, 1996, 2003). Victims have a wide range of issues such as social isolation, truancy, suicidal tendencies and depression. Also, experiencing peer harassment has been linked to depression, loneliness and social isolation. Victims often exhibit low self-esteem, have fewer friendships, school absences and even suicide. Relational bullying has also been related to rejection of peers, loneliness, isolation, depression and social anxiety all proved to be directly related to future psychological difficulties, according to Jacobsen, Kristen. The Bystander (s) Bystander (s) abilities or lack thereof, contribute to their fears and the lack of skills to cope with the issues leads to apathy and due to the fact that Bystander (s) witness first hand bullying tactics, they are apt to becoming bullies themselves. Bystander (s) rationalize why they do not take actions when they observe a bully targeting a child or a group of children; they are friends with bully, its not my problem, he/she is a loser or the fact that they dont want to be labeled as a snitch. Another aspect of bystander (s) perpetuating bully tendencies is through the spreading of rumors. Rumors are easy to start, spread and in lament terms hard to confirm or deny and children are not concerned with facts, they believe what everyone else does. Their ability to decipher the truth whether they want to or not is the real issue; simply they just want to fit in regardless of the truth, thus indirectly they are assisting the bully in tormenting the targeted child or children. Three factors that will empower bystander (s) is the ability to recognize, refuse and report are the steps they will need to be taught in order to not help in the bullying process. Social Experience and School Bullying Social Experience and School Bullying studies have shown that these problems extend well beyond the school and that children are exposed to dangerous situations in their own neighbor hoods on a daily basis. These experiences within the very communities that they live in undermine relationships between students and their teachers and bring to light that intervention needs to be extended to the broader community and neighborhood. A vast majority of studies have concentrated on the psychological profiles of bullies and their victims. According to these reports, bullies tend to assume a dominant role in interpersonal relationships and display lack of empathy. They are reported as displaying high self-esteem but also egotistic defensive traits (Salmivalli, Kaukiainen, Kaistaniemi, Lagerpetz, 1999; Smith, 2004). Studies also suggests that like other aggressive individuals, bullies attribute hostile intentions to the people with whom they are interacting and that they are incapable of resolving conflicts without resorting to acts of violence (Crick Dodge, 1999; Dodge, Bates Pettis) . Classroom Management, Bullying and Teacher Practices Teachers play a vital role in the school environment; the enforcement of school policies and ethos and the social interactions within the classroom. The absence of an adult (s) presence often contributes to bullies and their objectives. Studies have revealed that some teachers just dont observe the deviant behavior or they simply do not know how to handle the situation involving bullies. Some cases have illustrated that training is sorely needed in order to help in the ever growing epidemic. In some cases, teachers have intervened in physical bullying cases, but they acknowledge that the aspect of identifying relational bullying is hard to identify. Now teachers and counselors have different roles in the school, but they are inter-related on so many levels. Teachers are primarily educators and have limited experience in counseling, thus enter the counselor. The counselor primary role is to ensure the students success academically, career and socially. Due to the fact that the counselor works with the entire school population, they will have a better understanding on some of the underlying issues that the teacher just may not have time to observe. Teachers can prove to be a valuable asset in the fight against bullies, but training is still required to enhance the readiness of all school staff and administrators. For the most experienced to the novice of all teachers, teaching in todays society has become more challenging than ever. It requires the ability to adapt to new and constant changing demands. Although the issue is not new, a new light was shed on the issue during the Columbine High School shooting in April, 1999 (Vossekuil, Fein, Reddy, Borum, Modzeleski, 2002). In recent years, research has implicated teasing, harassment, and bullying in a number of targeted schools shootings that have taken place in the United States, according to (Kathleen P. Allen). Now in recent years, newer teachers in the profession stated they have felt unprepared for todays classroom management skills when it comes to managing administrative tasks, curriculum and behavior issues. According to (Kathleen P. Allen), additionally, it is a well- established fact that student misbehavior is a factor in teacher burnout and the decision for novice teachers to leave the profession. How Do Teachers Learn Classroom Management and Discipline When you look at this complex issue, classroom management is not what it was in the past. Classroom rules and guidelines were the main points other than course requirements in the past; however in todays culture, teachers have to worry about safety of themselves and other students, being innovative and creative to keep students interested and constantly adapting to changes to the profession. Teachers have to incorporate effective teaching strategies which include meaningful content, powerful teaching strategies and an organizational structure to support productive learning. Successful teachers employ strategies for establishing rules and procedures, organizing groups, monitoring and pacing classroom events, and reacting to misbehavior, according to (Kathleen P Allen). Some teachers may revert back to when they were in school and how their teachers maintained discipline. Although many of these teacher may not be teaching due to retirement, they still may act in a capacity as a mentor to todays generation of younger teachers. Now for up and coming teachers in college, management techniques are being incorporated in the curriculum to help circumvent these issues. Practical experience can only be gained through actual job experience, but they have a foundation to build on. Teachers currently in the business attend working group, field observations, student teaching, seminars and gain valuable experience by sharing ideas and talking with their teacher counterparts. Bullying, Prevalence, Definitions and Issues According to Kathleen P. Allen, in the largest survey of bullying in schools in the United States to date 29.9% of students were found to be involved in bullying demographics: 13% were bullies, 10.6% as victims, 6.3% as bully-victims. This study is a direct indicator that there is a definite problem that must be addressed in the United States school system. In looking into the issue of bullying, it has been discovered that it is a two way street. Now bullying from a teachers perspective in defined as a teacher who uses his or her power to reprimand, control or ridicule a student beyond what would be a reasonable disciplinary course of action. According to Kathleen P. Allen, 45% of 116 teachers surveyed at an elementary school admitted to bullying students. Also, at one intermediate school, 30% of students stated they were bullied by teachers. During another study, it was founded that in the United Kingdom that high school teachers were bullied by 56.4% by students at least once, 35.6% by students sometimes or more and 9.9% by students several times a week. The focal point of this particular part is that this behavior is undermining the sanctity of the education process and promoting reciprocated aggression. In the event, and lack of evidence of adult bullying going on within schools themselves, is probably a direct factor of bullying being perpetuated throughout the masses. Teachers are an intricate part in establishing a positive climate, thus they must maintain a professionalism that is unparallel to none. Teacher Knowledge of Bullying In order for teachers to prevent bullying they have to be educated on how to recognize the signs and most of all they must be aware of what measures to take to reduce this epidemic. What is viewed by most teachers as normal gossip and simply kids being kids is truly the tip of the iceberg. Physical altercations and the communicating of verbal threats is what teachers view as bullying; however through cell phone texting, email and more sophisticated ways of disguising bullying tactics teachers are fighting a losing battle. Students are very manipulative, and due to lack of classroom management abilities and the fact of teachers being overworked, underpaid and stressed beyond the point of no return, some teachers simply just dont care enough to go the extra mile and the ones who do care simply are just out numbered. Some scholars have looked at bullying as a social phenomenon, bullies tend to need an audience and this adds to the bullys powerbase. From an ecological perspective, students tend to be a product of their society. Since they live in neighborhoods where violence and aggressiveness are prevalent, they adapt to what they learn from society. Unfortunately, the school environment is where the aggression is practiced. Emotional distress has been associated with exposure to neighborhood violence often interferes academic performance and escalates the potential risks of peer bullying. Different variables have a definite impact on the bullying epidemic sweeping the globe at an alarming rate. First, we look at the sense of community-the acuity of belonging to a neighborhood, social relationships that implies to the eagerness to help others. Secondly, the exposure to dangerous and violent events where the young people live on a day to day basis. The perceived safety in the neighborhoods in conjunction with the serious nature of social problems. Lastly, different variables such as school climate, relationships with classmates, relationships with teachers and attitudes towards school. Young people who are exposed to neighborhood violence often find it hard to control their feelings of anger and irritability which contributes to poor academic performance. Students who exhibit the lack of self control find it difficult to concentrate on basic school tasks. They are hyperactive, impulsive and easily distracted and find it difficult to sit still long enough to do typical school work. What Can We Do About Bullying Prevention and Intervention are ongoing studies, life experiences, reading materials, workshops and attending presentations dealing with this topic in depth. Teachers are continuing to educate themselves through schools adopting different programs that has proven to be effective in other schools foreign and domestic. These adopted programs require continual updated training, but in every attempt to reduce bullying it is a sacrifice an overwhelming number of teachers is willing to make. Very often these programs advocate policy development as well as well as realignment of the school or classroom code of conduct and behavior management systems. Goals are obvious with these programs, reduction or the complete eradication in the bullying/victim problems in and out of the school setting and to prevent future problems (Dan Olweus). All attention is normally directed toward the direct bully concept. As previously stated, direct bullying involves relatively open attacks on another student and may include words, gestures, facial expressions or physical contact. Indirect bullying must be addressed as well. A student exposed to this indirect bullying has a hard time making friends within his or her class and is excluded from the peer group. There is a direct link between the two types of bullying; direct bullying victims are rejected by their peers and basically isolated. There is also a lot of students who are isolated and lonely without being a target by their fellow students. Awareness and involvement involve two general conditions; Adults at schools and to some measure at home must become aware of what bully/victim problems exist in their childs school and that parents must take an active part in correcting the problem. Bullying has proven to be a considerable problem in many countries across the world and reassures everyone in the teaching profession that no school is bully proof. A reasonable assumption is that when you have several children together and they cant decide who cannot be included in the group, and then bully tendencies will arise. Mapping the extent of the bully/victim problems at a particular school are a good start for an intervention program Dan Olweus). Should there an insignificant amount of bullying at a school, there must be an attempt to correct the problem altogether. By establishing that these problems exist in schools across the nation, parents and teachers must be persuaded to take aggressive action. Parents must understand that this is not an inevitable part of a childs life. Individual measures that can be taken by the teacher is if suspected bullying is taking place then he/she should confront the bully or bullies immediately. The intent is to let these offenders know that this type of behavior will not be tolerated by anyone. Should it be deemed that it is a group of bullies, and then each student should be handled on an individu al basis. Swift action should be taken so as to prevent collaboration between the groups can be established. In most cases, should the group be allowed to conspire, then the victim will be made out to be the villain. Due to the fact that bullies are calculating, devious, persuasive individuals and often possess leadership abilities which entice others to follow them. After all individuals have been interviewed separately, then placing all offenders in a group and reinforcing the facts that bullying will not be tolerated and inform all parties to include parents of possible repercussions should alleged if not proven behavior should continue.

Human Life And World Essay -- Philosophy Emotions Papers

Human Life And World I dispute the claim that the disclosure of the life-world by phenomenology is an accomplishment of 'permanent' significance. By briefly reviewing the meaning of the "world" and "life-world" in the writings of Husserl, Gurwitsch, Schutz-Luckmann, Ortega, Heidegger, Jonas, Straus, Sartre and Merleau-Ponty, I show that they all treat the world, or rather the affairs which comprise it, as passively present whether viewed as a mental acquisition or as the "Other." But the meaning of the world-as that wherein are met physical demands upon us which must be satisfied if we are to continue living-cannot be considered either as a mental acquisition or as something that is "other" and over against us. A living being as living cannot fail to attend to the agency of the affairs of which the life-world consists, as well as one's own exploring and coping actions. If we are to really speak of life, then we must acknowledge the mutual and reciprocal activities of living beings and world. Gurwitsch has written that "the disclosure of the life-world [by phenomenology is] an accomplishment of permanent significance." (1974, 12) But is such a claim justifiable? I believe it is not. I shall briefly examine first the way transcendental and then existential phenomenologists understand the meaning of "world" or "life-world" and how the "world" is to be experienced as such, and I shall critique the views of each in turn. The appropriate philosopher with which to begin an examination of any major phenomenological theme is most certainly Husserl. We as objects and subjects find ourselves in our conscious activities in a pre-given world existing for all in common according to Husserl. This world, always already there, is the univ... ...ng beings and world. References Dewey, John, Reconstruction in Philosophy, Boston, 1957. Dubos, Rene, The Torch of Life, New York, 1962. Gurwitsch, Aron, Studies in Phenomenology and Psychology, Evanston, 1966. Gurwitsch, Aron, Phenomenology and the Theory of Science, Evanston, 1974. Husserl, Edmund, Crisis of European Sciences and Transcendental Phenomenology, Evanston, 1970. Jonas, Hans, The Phenomenon of Life, New York, 1966. Merleau-Ponty, Maurice, Phenomenology of Perception, London, 1962. Ortega y Gasset, Jose, Phenomenology and Art, New York, 1975. Schutz, Alfred, and Luckmann, Thomas, Structures of the Life-World, 2 vols., Evanston, 1973 and 1989. Shotter, John, Social Accountability and Selfhood, Oxford, 1984. Straus, Erwin, "Aesthesiology and Hallucinations," in Existence, ed. by May, Angel, Ellenberger, New York, 1958.

Personal Development in Health Essay

Outcome 1: Understand what is required for competence in own work role Describe the duties and responsibilities of own work role. On a day to day basis the daily jobs are as follows: Daily weekly jobs Am Check money tins Visual check of home and exterior Support clients in Breakfast Support Clients in getting up and showering if needed Medication at 9am Handover form Early to Mid shift if needed Support clients in their jobs Own administration jobs to be completed throughout day inc SWIMS, Time Sheets, Emails, objectives, my way forward etc. Link working with clients Answer phone, and complete anything as it comes in Prepare lunch and dinner Medication at 1pm Handover to PM staff at 2pm as long as is needed PM need to check money tins Check jobs and clean etc if needed Support clients as needed 4.45 medication before M shift goes 5.30 evening meal is served Any PM specific cleaning jobs 9pm Sleep shift comes on with Handover 9.30 Evening Medication is given Sleep shift checks fridge and freezer temperatures Sleep specific jobs see cleaning list by microwave Closing checks of Home Assist clients to bed if needed On the wider scale my job is as follows: JOB PURPOSE To provide care and support to individuals residing in a Registered Care Home setting. CLIENT SUPPORT †¢ To actively seek to empower service users to gain and maintain control over all aspects of their lives †¢ To support clients with personal care as detailed in care plans developed by others ensuring they are treated with dignity and respect at all times †¢ To undertake tasks as directed by Senior Registered Support Worker and/or Service Manager †¢ To support clients with laundry activities †¢ To order food for the RCH and/or support clients with shopping †¢ To support and /or accompany clients to collect benefits or other†¦ Continues for 9 more pages  » Read full document Full access is free for premium users. Add to Library (0) DownloadPrint Report this Essay Facebook Twitter Google+ Send Rate This Document 4.5 12345 Read full document Full access is free for premium users. Document Details Views: 168 Words: 2433 Related Essays Unit 332 – Engage in p†¦ †¦Page 1 – Kathryn Di Terlizzi Unit 332 – Engage in personal development in health, social care†¦ 10 Pages October 2013 Engage in Personal Devel†¦ †¦Engage in personal development in health, social care or children’s and young people’s settings†¦. 6 Pages October 2012 Sc32: Engage in Personal†¦ †¦SC32: Engage in personal development in health, social care or children’s and young people’s†¦ 10 Pages March 2013 SHC 32: Engage in person†¦ †¦SHC 32: Engage in personal development in health, social care or children’s and young people’s†¦ 6 Pages March 2014 Unit Shc22 – Introductio†¦ †¦SHC 22 1.1 Describe and explain the duties and responsibilities of your own work role†¦. 7 Pages November 2011

Differences Between Population and Sample Standard Deviations

Differences Between Population and Sample Standard Deviations When considering standard deviations, it may come as a surprise that there are actually two that can be considered. There is a population standard deviation and there is a sample standard deviation. We will distinguish between the two of these and highlight their differences. Qualitative Differences Although both standard deviations measure variability, there are differences between a population and a sample standard deviation. The first has to do with the distinction between statistics and parameters. The population standard deviation is a parameter, which is a fixed value calculated from every individual in the population. A sample standard deviation is a statistic. This means that it is calculated from only some of the individuals in a population. Since the sample standard deviation depends upon the sample, it has greater variability. Thus the standard deviation of the sample is greater than that of the population. Quantitative Difference We will see how these two types of standard deviations are different from one another numerically. To do this we consider the formulas for both the sample standard deviation and the population standard deviation. The formulas to calculate both of these standard deviations are nearly identical: Calculate the mean.Subtract the mean from each value to obtain deviations from the mean.Square each of the deviations.Add together all of these squared deviations. Now the calculation of these standard deviations differs: If we are calculating the population standard deviation, then we divide by n,  the number of data values.If we are calculating the sample standard deviation, then we divide by n -1, one less than the number of data values. The final step, in either of the two cases that we are considering,  is to take the square root of the quotient from the previous step. The larger the value of n is, the closer that the population and sample standard deviations will be. Example Calculation To compare these two calculations, we will start with the same data set: 1, 2, 4, 5, 8 We next carry out all of the steps that are common to both calculations.  Following this out calculations will diverge from one another and we will distinguish between the population and sample standard deviations. The mean is (1 2 4 5 8) / 5 20/5 4. The deviations are found by subtracting the mean from each value: 1 - 4 -32 - 4 -24 - 4   05 - 4 18 - 4 4. The deviations squared are as follows: (-3)2 9(-2)2 402 012 142 16 We now add these squared deviations and see that their sum is 9 4 0 1 16 30. In our first calculation, we will treat our data as if it is the entire population.  We divide by the number of data points, which is five.  This means that the population variance is 30/5 6.  The population standard deviation is the square root of 6. This is approximately 2.4495. In our second calculation, we will treat our data as if it is a sample and not the entire population.  We divide by one less than the number of data points.  So, in this case, we divide by four.  This means that the sample variance is 30/4 7.5.  The sample standard deviation is the square root of 7.5.  This is approximately 2.7386. It is very evident from this example that there is a difference between the population and sample standard deviations.

Free Essays on Porn Analysis

Pornography Issues Analysis Since the mid-1980s, a strange sight has been on the political horizon. Feminists are standing alongside their archenemies,  ¡Ã‚ §conservatives and religious fundamentalists, ¡Ã‚ ¨ to call anti-pornography laws. This phenomenon threatens the well being of women in at least three important ways: feminism is no longer a stronghold of freedom of speech, women ¡Ã‚ ¦s unacceptable sexual choices are now under new attack, it involves rejecting the principle  ¡Ã‚ §a woman ¡Ã‚ ¦s body, a woman ¡Ã‚ ¦s right ¡Ã‚ ¨ (McElroy). According to University of Michigan professor, Catharina MacKinnon, who helped write the law brief,  ¡Ã‚ §in the US, the obscenity laws are all about not liking to see naked bodies, or homosexual activity, in public. Our laws in the US don ¡Ã‚ ¦t consist the harm to women. But in Canada it will now be materials that subordinate, degrade women that are obscene ¡Ã‚ ¨ (Hill and Silver). In 1983 and 1984, the Minneapolis city council passed the first civil rights antipornography ordinance written by MacKinnon and Dworkin, only to have it vetoed by the mayor both times. Then in Indianapolis the city council passed and the mayor signed the first version of the Dworkin-MacKinnon Ordinance was adopted in Bellingham, Washington by voter initiative, gathering over 62 percent of the vote. It met similar fate as the Indianapolis ordinance when Federal District Court Judge Carolyn Dimmick turned it down (Hill and Silver). Andrea Dworkin, the author to  ¡Ã‚ §Reply to John Irving, ¡Ã‚ ¨ critiques Irving ¡Ã‚ ¦s essay like he was a merciless, no good, vicious criminal. We all know that she stands very clearly on the side of antipornography. In her response, she uses her personal experiences to get her point across. This essay appeared in The New York Times in the March issue of 1992 (Selzer 526). This is about eleven years ago. Without a doubt, society sure has changed. These days you can ¡Ã‚ ¦t watch a T.V. show with... Free Essays on Porn Analysis Free Essays on Porn Analysis Pornography Issues Analysis Since the mid-1980s, a strange sight has been on the political horizon. Feminists are standing alongside their archenemies,  ¡Ã‚ §conservatives and religious fundamentalists, ¡Ã‚ ¨ to call anti-pornography laws. This phenomenon threatens the well being of women in at least three important ways: feminism is no longer a stronghold of freedom of speech, women ¡Ã‚ ¦s unacceptable sexual choices are now under new attack, it involves rejecting the principle  ¡Ã‚ §a woman ¡Ã‚ ¦s body, a woman ¡Ã‚ ¦s right ¡Ã‚ ¨ (McElroy). According to University of Michigan professor, Catharina MacKinnon, who helped write the law brief,  ¡Ã‚ §in the US, the obscenity laws are all about not liking to see naked bodies, or homosexual activity, in public. Our laws in the US don ¡Ã‚ ¦t consist the harm to women. But in Canada it will now be materials that subordinate, degrade women that are obscene ¡Ã‚ ¨ (Hill and Silver). In 1983 and 1984, the Minneapolis city council passed the first civil rights antipornography ordinance written by MacKinnon and Dworkin, only to have it vetoed by the mayor both times. Then in Indianapolis the city council passed and the mayor signed the first version of the Dworkin-MacKinnon Ordinance was adopted in Bellingham, Washington by voter initiative, gathering over 62 percent of the vote. It met similar fate as the Indianapolis ordinance when Federal District Court Judge Carolyn Dimmick turned it down (Hill and Silver). Andrea Dworkin, the author to  ¡Ã‚ §Reply to John Irving, ¡Ã‚ ¨ critiques Irving ¡Ã‚ ¦s essay like he was a merciless, no good, vicious criminal. We all know that she stands very clearly on the side of antipornography. In her response, she uses her personal experiences to get her point across. This essay appeared in The New York Times in the March issue of 1992 (Selzer 526). This is about eleven years ago. Without a doubt, society sure has changed. These days you can ¡Ã‚ ¦t watch a T.V. show with...

Men an Endangered Species Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Men an Endangered Species - Essay Example This threatens the productivity of men in the near future if the trend continues. The major reason is that men are consuming a lot of estrogen from plastic liners of cans, some paints, and even soy-based foods (1). Another explanation for the threatened extinction of men is that there is lose of testosterone and a significant rise in estrogen as men age. When men start producing more estrogen, which is the main female sex hormone they are likely to become more feminine or womanly. On the contrary, as a woman age there is an equal fall of their hormones levels hence little or no major changes. The rise of estrogen levels and the falling testosterone in older men could also explain why there is a sudden attraction to members of their own sex even if it had not occurred before. This premise implicate that as older men become more feminine, there is an increase in susceptibility of the extinction of the male species (Parker, 2). Several studies also indicate that there is a threat for th e extinction of the Y chromosome, which majorly determines the male sex. These studies deem that the Y chromosome had approximately 1,400 genes on it three hundred million years ago, and presently it has only got 45 left (Perloe, 2). Possibly significant genes from the Y chromosome will adopt habitation on another chromosome (3). In the 1970s, scientists developed a method of separating X and Y-chromosomes from sperm. The assertion behind its development was to make couples naturally choose males (the Y chromosome). This trend however becomes the opposite since 2 to 1, selects baby girls over baby boys (Baehr, 2). However, the only reason why scientists are not sure if men are susceptible to... This paper analyzes in detail the various reasons as to why men are an endangered species. Some of the reasons that men are susceptible to extinction are scientific, while others are sociological. Scientific reasons, assert the possibility of gradual extinction of the male chromosomes, while the sociological reasons deem the loss of social roles. The major reason why men are an endangered species is that of loss of the reproductive power. Several studies indicate that men are increasingly having reduced sperm count due to various environmental toxins. The toxins that make men infertile include Teflon, pesticides, plastic, cosmetics and hormones found in food. In addition, some men, especially in many parts of Africa are vulnerable of loosing their reproductive potential due to taking illicit homemade brews. There has been extensive research and several debates concerning the susceptibility of extinction of the male species. Proponents of this premise assert that there is overwhelming evidence that support this connotation. These reasons include the gradual extinction of the Y chromosome, reduced sperm counts as well as rise in estrogen levels in older men. Other reasons include the loss of social and reproductive roles by men due to increased awareness of women and artificial forms or fertilization respectively. Moreover, other chemicals that mimic the effects of estrogen for instance 'Xeno-Oestrogens accelerate this susceptibility.' These chemicals are present in most of the common products that men use presently.

I will fill this to blog Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

I will fill this to blog - Essay Example The reality too is that in spite of this generational dance, of young people being exposed to and trying drugs, majority of college students move on to live productive academic and adult lives, unscathed by the brush with drugs. It is true too, that a percentage of students will become hooked, and will have negative life outcomes as a result. This dynamic too is well-mapped and observed as persisting through the generations. Is this a matter of framing then, this â€Å"issue† of drug use in college? is there a better way to approach the phenomenon, and to better secure the welfare of majority of college students? We have been trying to suppress drug use and to police and monitor students for decades, with no observable impact on drug and alcohol use. Are we trying to push back something that cannot be stopped? Do we need to reexamine how we view drug use in college, and re-examine too our notions about the sense of responsibility and the intelligence of young people on the cus p of adult life? (Drugwatch.com; Purdue University; Addiction Intervention; Amaro et al.; National Institutes of Health; CasaColumbia). Yes, as students, we have the power to keep ourselves informed about the reality of drug use in college. Many among us will do drugs and alcohol, but we need to be made aware that we will not be the first ones to do so, and we will not be the last. This has been the reality among students from past generations all the way to this one. The dance between school and community authorities on the one hand, and students on the other, is as old as time it seems. The reality is that students seemingly need to try out all kinds of things as part of the rite of passage to adulthood, the way young people experiment with sex too. Yet we also need to be aware that there is help for those among us who will try drugs and alcohol, and that

Gateway Engineering Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3500 words

Gateway Engineering - Assignment Example To do so, managers are required to understand the role of each organizational member in the organization, their individual characteristics and personality differences. As part of their efforts to understand the behavior of people, managers must keep certain important aspects under consideration. Some such aspects that are to be kept in mind before trying to understand about the members of the organization are individual differences, the importance of personal dignity, multiplicity of roles and considering the person as a whole. Let us now look at these aspects at a slightly broader perspective. Individual Differences - Though several common traits can be noticed among human beings, each person is individually different from the other. Most people feel excited when they achieve something and are grieved by the loss of a loved one. However, within these broad similarities, each person differs from other in a million ways. Individual differences originate from differences in their psychology. Psychological differences and experiences in the past make each per respond differently to different situations. Thus, there is no average person. However in most enterprises, the assumptions that people are alike forms the basis on which rules and regulations, procedures, job descriptions, safety standards, job schedules and the like are developed. [1] (ICMR, 2003) It is the responsibility of the managers to understand the complexity and individuality of people before applying the principles of motivation, leadership, and communication. Though it is difficult to satisfy all the needs of an employee, managers should have considerable latitude to make individual arrangements to ensure that jobs are so assigned that they suit a particular person in a specific situation. To highlight the indifference certain managers can have, the manager of the Marketing Department would serve the classical purpose with a kind of 'know all' attitude when it comes to recruiting people. This can be clearly identified from the case study. Another issue to be highlighted with respect to the same department is that, it is contributing the maximum amount of attrition rate to the organization on a whole and specifically astonishingly high contribution to female employee attrition. As Dr. Suresh Arckatty in his famous book 'I CAN' says - "People join the company and leave the boss," does this point to work style issues with the marketing manager Female attrition, as mentioned above, is astonishingly high. This is clearly evident if the following figures are noticed. The data tables mentioned in the case study clearly depict that, female attrition is almost 21.42% in the marketing department which in turn is contributing to 18.64% of female attrition across the organization. Surprisingly, the female attrition of 18.64% clearly is an indicator of an organizational culture and behavior issue. [3] (ICMR, 2003) Going ahead, let us try and understand what these culture and behavior in an organization mean. In recent years, research has proved that culture has a tremendous impact on management practices. Some researchers examined the impact of the internal culture i.e., the corporate culture of the organizations, while others examined the

Media Studies †Relationship between a media genre and society Essay Example for Free

Media Studies – Relationship between a media genre and society Essay On one level, dystopian films have a direct relationship with society. By their very definition, dystopian films present a negative representation of a future or alternate society. They are often mis-labeled as science fiction films because of their futuristic setting but although here are obvious similarities, their overriding artisticness is more closely united to another genre: film-noir. Stylistically, many dystopian films hark back to the darkest times in Western Society’s recent past; indirectly referringto the struggles of the depression, the oppression of totalitarian governments and the horrors of World War Two, reinvented into a fictionalized, dark future. More recently, post 9/11 fears have informed the ideas of dystopian films. Wikipedia’s definition of ‘dystopia’ clearly illustrates this connection: A dystopia is any society considered to be undesirable and is most usually used to refer to a fictional (often near-future) society where current social trends are taken to nightmarish extremes. It is the second part of this definition that is particularity relevant to this essay –Dystopian films are inseparably connected to the society in which they are created, inducing a ‘nightmarish’ future by reflecting issues, concerns, fears or values that exist in the public consciousness of that particular society. The central premise of these films is of a world gone mad, sometimes through the greed, ignorance or stupidity of man, sometimes though external influences. These dystopian worlds may be shaped my social, technological, medical, environmental, political or economic forces. Within this environment, there is (usually) an individual who realizes the flaw and tries to challenge or rectify it. Depending on the filmmaker and the viewing ‘market’, it will either end happily, with the protagonist victorious; or not. Wikipedia’s definition concludes that, â€Å"a dystopian all too closely connected to current-day society.† Three dystopian films, created in different societies at different times, all display the connection between society and genre, albeit in very different ways. These films are Fritz Lang’s Metropolis (1926), Andrew Nichol’s Gattaca (1997) and Alfonzo Cuaron’s Children of Men (2006). Metropolis is widely regarded as the first science fiction film, although it also can be seen as the blueprint for Dystopian films, Inspired by the skyline of 1920’s Manhattan, Lang created a throbbing, dystopian uber-city of the year 2000, where a decadent aristocracy thrives on the swear of laboring hoards underground. Filtered through both German Expressionism and Christian symbolism, this dark fairy tale pits man against machine, and the head against the heart. Metropolis can be easily read as a criticism of capitalism and the social and economic divisions in post WW1 Germany. Its resolution suggests a socialist solution, built on mutual respect and closer link between the ‘head’, and the ‘hands’ . An economically depressed post World War one German society, including an ambitious politician, Adolf Hitler, certainly identified this story with their own lives. Ironically, Jewish Lang’s criticism of the ranked nature of German society and how the downtrodden masses in the city of Metropolis turn quickly to violence is a visionary vision of the rise of fascism. The ideas behind Metropolis were drawn from contemporary German society, although it was Lang’s visit to New York in 1924 that inspired his city of the future. He described this first real metropolis as, â€Å"a street as if in full daylight lit by neon lights and topping them, oversized, luminous advertisements, moving, turning, flashing on and off, spiraling†¦the buildings seemed to be a vertical veil, shimmering almost weightless, a luxurious cloth hung from the dark sky to dazzle. â€Å"From this impression, Land and his designers shaped their futuristic city by blending of all the latest artistic trends, of which Germany was at the forefront: Art Deco, Surrealism and Expressionism. Here we see society’s influence on this work. Another important cinematic technological advancement was the revolutionary special effects of Eugen Schà ¼fftan, who created advanced visual displays widely acclaimed in following years. Among the effects used are miniatures of the city, a camera on a swing, and most notably, the so-called Schà ¼fftan process, the use of models and mirrors to create the illusion of varying scale, later also used by men such as Peter Jackson in his Lord of the Rings trilogy. The scene where Rotwang creates the robot Hel in Maria’s likeness still amazes as a masterpiece of special effects, as well as commenting on the possible negative effects of technology when placed in the wrong hands. Mid to early 20th century Dystopian fiction/films were largely concerned with totalitarian governments, faceless bureaucracy, surveillance and control issues. They were a reflection of the political chaos of the middle of the century, where World War Two, the advent of the Cold War and other global conflicts threatened the democratic way of life. Films such as On the Beach and Forbidden Planet all referenced the growing conflict between the Soviet Union and the USA, and the threat of ‘alien’ invasion and nuclear holocaust. New Zealand director Andrew Nicols Gattaca is set in a near-future America where, non-enhanced babies are born only to the poor and the sexually reckless. Those who can afford it consult with a genetic technician before initiating a pregnancy, and select their future childs traits for optimum success: sex, life expectancy, intelligence, and appearance. Children with pre-selected genes are classified at birth as Valids. They are the ruling elite, eligible for top careers and entitled to high social status. In-Valids labor at unskilled jobs with no way up or out. Clearly, the ideas of genetic selection has direct links to the ‘unlocking’ of the DNA Genome (Gattaca itself is named after the letters used in describing DNA) and the explosion of gene science taking place in the late ‘90’s. Gattaca acts as a warning to western society about this fast-advancing area of science, and where it could all lead. The film celebrates the stubbornness and cunningness of Vincent, an In-Valid, with a serious heart defect who defeats his genetically superior brother and the ‘system’ through determination and belief. Gattaca is a celebration of the triumph of human spirit over a pre-ordained existence. Like many other mainstream dystopian films, Gattaca’s narrative construct follows an individual’s struggle and victory against ‘the system,’ offering hope over defeat for its audience. It seems that most Dystopian films are aim to frighten and provoke. And what makes these films, and this genre work, is their ability to tap into the ideas and beliefs of contemporary society. As a rule, the more realistic and alarming a dystopia is, the more frightening and provoking it is. One such recent film that explores the possibilities and probabilities of its society’s future is Alfonzo Cuaron’s Children of Men. The 2007 film set in 2027 shows that for the past 18 years, no humans have been born, due to some medical disaster. It is the end of the human race and civilization has collapsed, apart from in Britain, where the film is set. However, to keep a semblance of order, draconian laws control who may stay in Britain†¦shades of pre-war Germany, where fear of outsiders is used to control the populated. What makes this film so plausible is not necessarily the plot but world that has been created around the characters and storyline. There are references to post 9/11 America and their government’s ‘Homeland Security Bill’, where the removal of freedoms by the government are justified for the greater good. This always leads to â€Å"the Uprising† of the deprived and downtrodden. Curaon populates this world with a present-day who’s who of ‘pressure groups’, which allow the audience to make connections with society. Like all dystopian films, Children of Men show how those things that already exist in our society could lead to if left unchallenged. Regardless of when these films are made, they take contemporary concerns of the society in which they are created and take them to a nightmarish conclusion. Philosopher Slavoj Zizek’s summaries of dystopian films do not point toward alternate reality, they simply make reality more that what it already is. The nightmare that we are expecting is here. This is a genre that has captured the imagination of the filmmakers and audiences alike as it is in our nature to speculate on where the events of today will lead. It is the creativity and imagination of the filmmakers that will determine how successful their vision is.

Chips Are Down For Gambling Industry

Chips Are Down For Gambling Industry Recent events in global finance have impacted heavily on Australias gambling industry. As Australian consumes reduce their discretionary spending, gambling providers have witnessed a commensurate decline in revenues. The phenomenon is not limited to Australia, with gaming facilities in Las Vegas, Macau and Japan also reporting significant declines in revenues. This downturn has also revising profit forecasts for the future. The decline in revenues extends beyond casinos to other forms of gambling, such as Tattslotto, Keno and horse racing. Other forces are also challenging the viability of the industry, such as government moves to deregulate the industry, and the growth in online gambling, and the equine influenza outbreak. Q1: The general and environment conditions: Organisations have both an external and an internal environment. The external environment consists of two layers the general environment and task environment. General environment of broad dimension and forces in an organisation that created its overall context. The general environment of most organisations has economic technological, sociocultural political-legal and international dimension. The task environment specific organisation of group affects the organisation. It includes competitors customers, suppliers, regulators and increasingly, strategic allies. There are five parts in the general environment, economic. Global financial crisis challenging economic conditions, crown casino revenue is down and increased household cost so less money for gambling. Technological internet gambling does not need licence international. Trends in gambling decline in Las Vegas, Macau revenue down Political-legal government laws. There are five parts in the task environment, suppliers less on ever ything its competitors Q2: Porters Five Forces: Since the early 1980s, Michael Porters Five Forces (Porter, 1980) has brought break through for the concept of normal business strategy, and became the bible to guide business leaders nearly every industry effective implementation of strategic analysis. Five forces model is generic and applying sufficient to explain the behaviour of many different market. Peters five forces model views the business from outside. It focuses on assessing competitive position within industry. Peters 5 forces model, they are barriers to entry, threat of substitutes, bargaining power of buyers, bargaining power if suppliers and rivalry among the existing players. Force 1: The extent to which switching costs and brand loyalty affect the likelihood of customers adopting substitutes products and services. The ease or difficulty with which new competitors can enter an industry. Barriers to entry, what measures are easy or how difficult. It is for new entrants into industries related to government policies and taxes, which require access to productive inputs and finance. Furthermore, patents branding and image also falls into this category. A barrier to entry is the only industry characteristics that determine industry. Barriers reduce the rate of entry of new firms, thus maintaining a level of profit for those already in the industry. Barriers to entry arise from several sources such as government created barriers; Patents and proprietary knowledge serve to restrict entry into an industry, asset specific inhibition of an industry scale and organization of the local economy. The possible use of patents and other resources owned property specialty firms (Porter, 1980, 1985) Forces 2: The extent to which switching costs and brand loyalty affect the likelihood of customers adopting substitutes products and services. Threat of substitutes, if a produce can be easily substituted, then it is a threat to the company because it can complete with price only. Therefore, price elasticity of products affected by substitute products as more substitutes become available, demand becomes elastic since customers have alternatives more. A close substitute product manufacturing capabilities of companies in the industry to increase prices. The competition engendered by a threat of substitute products from outside the industry. For example, the revenue of casinos is limited by financial crisis. Internet gambling itself started as a replacement of the casinos it provides other facilities and resources for similar services, or information (Kyle, 2002) Force 3: The degree to which buyers have the market strength to hold sway over and influence competitors in an industry. In general, when buyer power has strong associations with industry production is close to what an economic on a monophony a market which has many suppliers and buyers. Force 4: The number of buyers relative to suppliers and the threat of replacement and new areas affecting the relationship buyer-supplier and the power of the state provides virtually no current because the gambling industry is not bad consumers want to buy their machines. They can only be completed together with prices can prolong the life of their business but not for profit does not sell well and gaming machines. Forces 5: Intensity of competition between the increase in growth when industry demand, slow down, good products and prices. Rivalry among existing players. It analyzes the level of competition between existing players in the industry. In this force, it analyzes the speed of industry development, how your customers with your brand identity. Do you think the gambling industry is an attractive industry for new entrants? Gambling industry is always attractive to new entrant because it can earn big money. They always get money in and win as long as they have customers come to their business in a fair amount. It is big cheese cake but participant is limited due to capital, government legislation and regulations. At present, it is still attractive but people do not have enough confidence and requirement money to step in this industry. It needs sufficient capital to subsidize their operating business and start up of business life. They need good relationship elsewhere and government support to be able to open it. Recently, financial crisis has caused the decline of gambling industry. People spend less and gamble less. In fact they do not have strong financial standing and stable income, job as before. Furthermore, the increasing of internet gamble has become a big obstacle for gambling business as people tend to play though the net while sitting at home. There is no pressure or camera when playing at home. Consequently, at this stage financial world has gone down and affected every business around. It used to be a good market but not anymore at current stage. Its recovery is only better when peoples financial get better which they have more stable money to spend. Q3: Advice: I would like to advice the casino to offer same free products or services to the customers such as if there is a customer who plays a huge budget for gambling, the casino should offer a hotel bedroom for the customer. Due to the internet is flooding the market, the casino should advertise the advantages of gambling face to face in the casino, such as gambling face to face is much more stimulating. At the same time, point out the disadvantages of gambling on the interest such as gambling online may get hacked. How should they weather the storm of the global economic downturn? At the moment, it is a bad time for gambling industry but this does not mean an end to this industry. People in the industry whom own business face a huge chance of making loss but to be survive through this period, they have to be steady and liquidity. The might have to face corruption but if they use efficiency their money on other cash flow activities such as investing. For example, during bad financial period, people are inability to pay the household mortgage. Moreover, it could be good time to reduce cost and wait for the storm to be gone. In fact, they have to keep their own business in low performance as well. It would be a cut-off of wages, sections (if business is large and multifunctional). Flatten management level, reduce waste and increase efficiency. Do right thing for advertising to attract more customer. Business is a battle; to be able to survive other has to be terminated. However, self-development is required. They have to open more services or link to expand to ne w trend. Q4: discuss another organisation that has been impact on a similar way to the gambling industry by the current economic trends. Steel industry has been impacted on similar way to the gambling industry in the development of situation due to financial crisis is unshared in a positive factor. The financial crisis effects the real economy development and damaged to market confidence. The domestic economic slowdown in the growth of steel industry production growth rates a downward trend in steel exports. The domestic market caused by a certain degree of stress excessive market competition order irregularities are caused by factor such as domestic steel prices plummeted by the main factors. In addition, steel prices have fallen substantially by the impact of iron and steel production by price.

Graduation Speech -- Graduation Speech, Commencement Address

As I look back upon the past four years, in some ways it seems like my time at Kiper has been a lot like a day at the Magic Kingdom. From the moment I heard about Disneyland, I knew that I wanted to go. I counted the days until I got there, much the way that I counted the days until I left Harbour Pointe to migrate over to Kiper. Time passed so slowly because I was anticipating the great times ahead. At the end of middle school, my classmates and I thought we were so cool because we got to make that trip to someplace fun and exciting. On the first day of high school, we got up early like eager kids ready for a day of play. At Disneyland, people line up early to get their tickets and begin their enchanted day. As freshmen, we lined up early to get our class list, incredibly thrilled to finally be here. Our heads were full of the stories we had heard about how exciting it would be. Little did we know what awaited us. With our admission pass, commonly known as the schedule, we too got a map. Like Disneyland's, ours had pictures of the paths to take, leading to our varied destinations. Some thoughtful senior had actually color-coded mine, so I knew which direction to go. Our maps led to the science hall, the English hall and the Performing Arts Center, while Disneyland's led to Adventure Land, Toon Town and Main Street. Their map listed various places to grab sustenance like the Rainforest Cafe, Mickey's Kitchen and Rocket Pizza, while our map boasted four: the Commons, the East Campus Cafeteria, the Student Store and, God help us, the vending machines. With 10 minutes to go, the class of 2003 hurled themselves into the crowd of hustling students. Some of the freshmen were simply so glad to be there that the mod didn't... ... as a freshman and stared up at the brick edifice known as Kiper. It is incomprehensible that we have grown up so quickly and are about to leave forever. Never again will we all be in the same place in time. All good things must eventually end, but the wisdom, the friends and the experiences that have changed us will remain a part of us forever. It is unbelievable that the admission pass has expired and the gates are about to close. It is time that we leap out of a storybook fantasy and into the real world. Four years later, as graduating seniors and young adults, it is time to stow the baggage we collected, climb back into the car and drive down the road to the future, never looking back. It is time to journey out into the world, to make our places as individuals, a group no longer and to make our own unique mark upon the world. Congratulations, Class of 2003!

Relationships controlled assessment Essay

On the other hand, Slim’s relationship with Crooks exhibits a number of crucial aspects such as the fact that he uses Crook’s name when mentioning or conversing with him: ‘sure, Crooks’. This indicates that Slim, unlike the rest of the ranch men, possesses morals which prevent him from abusing Crooks in the same manner as them. This is due to the merciful and benevolent character which Slim is reputable for in the ranch. Steinbeck displays Crooks’ attitude towards Slim as respectful but servile due to the formal way in which Crooks addresses him: ‘Mr Slim’. However, Crook’s formal manner towards Slim can also be viewed as a protective mechanism because he knows exactly where he stands in the white society, therefore, he is formal in order to live up to the expectations of the relationships between black and white people, and to protect himself from their wrath. Furthermore, through the use of ‘That won’t do them no good’, Steinbeck contextualises Crooks as wise and intelligent, and conjures the theme of a ‘silent protest’ as Crooks does not verbalise his direct opinion of ‘you are wrong’ and ‘I know more than you’ because he completely accepts his status within the ranch. Adverbs such as ‘quietly’ are used in reference to the way Crooks entered the bunkhouse to emphasise that Crooks understands that he is inferior to white people, so he must maintain his distance from them despite the fact that he longs for their companionship and friendship due to his intense loneliness. This is emphasised further by ‘put his head in’ which displays the concrete barrier separating black and white people, and the fact that Crooks comprehends that he must not cross this barrier in order to prevent his life from being snatched away from him. Moreover, Crook’s eyes are ‘patient’, revealing that patience is a regime for him within the ranch and he has grown accustomed to it. The relationship between Crooks and Lennie is by far the most captivating of all relationships. It is quite different to the relationships between Crooks and the other characters due to a range of distinct reasons; the main reason stemming from Lennie and his innocent mind. Steinbeck deliberately uses Lennie as the first white man to speak to Crooks and enter his room, with the intention of highlighting the possibilities of unity between black and white people, as Lennie is incapable of developing prejudiced views about people. He cannot judge them by the colour of their skin or by their status due to his stunted mind; he simply sees them as human beings. This accumulates the idea that racism and discrimination is instilled within people, they are not born to hate. In addition, repetition of ‘light’ symbolises hope and a pathway to freedom for Crooks, and Lennie himself represents a key to unlock the door of hope and freedom within Crook’s being. ‘light’ also represents purity, and due to Lennie’s pure and innocent nature, he is drawn to this light like a magnet which pulls towards it what it is attracted to and sees friendship with another man at the end of that light. Furthermore, Steinbeck creates pathos and sympathy towards Crooks when he repeats ‘i have a right’ because it emphasises the very few precious rights Crooks has and his struggle to cling onto each and every one of them dearly. In addition, pathos is created with Crook’s confession as we realise that Crooks had lived the ‘Dream’ before, but it was taken away from him due to the taboo of racism and the fear of his rights taken away from him similarly to his dream. In addition, Crooks constantly refers to his rights because his pride gets in his way, he cant go into the bunkhouse so why should he allow white men to enter his property whenever they wish? Crooks and Candy’s relationship conveys that racism exists even amongst the mere outsiders themselves, in this case the older generation (Candy). Upon arrival at Crook’s door, Candy deliberately doesn’t enter as he is aware of the taboo which this could cause. He is cautious of the fact that mingling with a black man would be deeply frowned upon by the white society which refrains him from entering straight away like lennie: ‘he made no attempt to enter’ despite the fact that he wants some company, even if its from a ‘nigger’. This denotes the degree of loneliness which is experienced by predominantly all of the ranch men. Candy asks Crooks if he’s ‘seen Lennie’ and Crooks casually replies ‘ya mean the big guy? ‘ which reiterates the bitter truth of the fact that under other circumstances; they would be very close friends as they both have a great deal in common, such as the fact that they both don’t fit into the society comfortably. furthermore, Candy looks into the room ‘blindly’ as he is unable to see the hope and purity as clearly as lennie. Also due to racism, foul treatment towards crooks, and the fact that he sides with the oppressors rather than the oppressed, Candy’s heart has formed a sinful barrier which obscures his vision from viewing the elements of purity protruding from Crook’s room. Eventually, Candy is invited into Crook’s room and he walks in ’embarrassed’ in contrast to the way Lennie entered which indicates that he is well aware the taboo, yet he somehow finds it shameful that he hasn’t spoken against it for all these years; and now he is being invited into Crook’s room by Crooks himself. Candy takes it upon himself to develop his relationship with Crooks by introducing the dream to him, this makes Crooks hopeful especially when money is mentioned: ‘you say you got the money? ‘ and for a split second, Crooks sees a chance of a better future for himself:’ if you†¦ guys would want a hand’ he seizes the chance to probe them further into letting him participate in their dream, however Steinbeck uses ellipses to generate the idea that Crooks is an intelligent man and he is still wary of his place in the white society, so he is careful with his words and with the level of trust that he shows towards Candy. Alternatively, a sharp reality check is created upon the entrance of Curley’s wife and George into Crook’s room. Steinbeck brings in Curleys wife just when Crooks is beginning to turn over a new leaf with white people to lure him back to reality and erase any glimmer of hope which he may have experienced about ever reaching the same level as white people. Her sudden entrance and elimination of hope through one short yet sharp statement: ‘any of you boys seen curley? ‘ creates a sense of pathos for Crooks as he only had hope for a few seconds, yet she managed to steal even that from him just as quickly; depicting her dominance and control over him as a white woman and also how unpredictable life can be. She also stand ‘still in the doorway’ meaning she blocks his pathway to escaping the torture he endures, and she blocks out his hopes and dreams. Furthermore, Crooks switches to attacking her with his standard defence mode ‘you got no right’ when she becomes exceedingly insulting, however when she snaps back with ‘you know what i can do to you if you open your trap’ he stares ‘hopelessly’ at her indicating that for a split second, he believed that he may have gained control over her. in addition, Crooks ‘drew into himself’ and returned to his usual servile manner: ‘yes maam’ as a way of confirming that he now knows where he stands in the white society and he knows that in order to survive, he must make himself invisible in order to stay out of trouble’s way. Similarly, George stands ‘framed in the doorway’- he, as the leader of this dream permanently blocks the significant doorway as a way of concluding that Crooks can never be part of them, except that Crooks withdraws before he is refrained from joining due to his pride which prevents him from being downgraded: ‘well just forget it’. Moreover, Steinbeck refers to the door again: ‘Crooks looked at the door’ symbolising that just as lennie had brought hope into his life, that hope had been robbed from him when Lennie departed, leaving Crooks to resume his life as usual, as if nothing had happened. to conclude, Steinbeck presents and develops the relationships between Crooks and other characters as very complex and each of them explores a different theme. however, the theme of racism is present within nearly all of the relationships apart from with lennie. Show preview only The above preview is unformatted text This student written piece of work is one of many that can be found in our GCSE John Steinbeck section.